Board Gaming & Gen-Alpha

Right, so I'm going to take a stab at this and assume you've heard of all those generational labels like Gen X, Gen Y, and Gen Z? It's a way of trying to put people into tidy little boxes based on their shared perspectives and goals and all that.

As it stands, I'm a Gen Xer, born between 1965 and 1980. The term was popularised by Douglas Coupland in his 1991 novel "Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture." We're often described as cynical and independent, and I reckon that's fair. We grew up during the Cold War, saw the fall of the Berlin Wall, and experienced firsthand the rise of personal computing and the internet.

We also value work-life balance as a key part of our lives, and we tend to be more individualistic in our approach. We also tended to delay getting married and having kids until later in life, though that decision can come with its own set of challenges when it comes to raising the kids we bring into the world.

As the generation that bridged the gap between the analogue and digital worlds, we Gen Xers have had to adapt to technological changes on both a personal and professional level. We're the e-mailers, the mobile phone generation, coming of age as all this new tech was emerging. But we still loved our books and did our research the old-fashioned way, pouring over encyclopaedias and library books. We learned the value of patience and consistency.

Then came the Millennials, or Gen Y, born between 1981 and 1996. They're mostly defined by their technological savvy and changing social norms. They grew up with the internet, so they're absolute whizzes with digital tech. They're also the most educated generation yet, always prioritising continuous learning and skill development. They really value diversity, inclusion, and social justice, which is why they're so much more accepting of non-traditional lifestyles and family structures.

For Millennials, work must be meaningful, and they're more likely to job-hop. Like us Gen Xers, they prize work-life balance and tend to delay marriage, home ownership, and kids until later in life. But for them, life experiences will always trump material possessions. When it comes to communication, they much prefer texting and social media over emails and they're way more comfortable with online interactions and virtual relationships.

So, you're asking why I'm going on about Gen X and Gen Y? Well, it is because these were the generations that lived at the speed of man, not technology. We may have had to learn to adapt to the pace of technology out of necessity, but we still find value in the analogue, in the physical and mental computations done without tech. That's in contrast to the next generation I'll be talking about, the one that is the focus of this blog.

Generation Alpha, born between 2010 and 2025, is the first generation to grow up entirely in the digital age. Their unique traits and preferences are already shaping the design and development of modern games, including board games. They are a whole new breed that's totally immersed in the connected world, integrated to such an extent that it influences how they consume knowledge and experience things.

Gen Alpha's exposure to educational apps and games has led to a bigger demand for interactive learning experiences. This trend is reflected in the design of modern board games, which often incorporate gamification like rewards, challenges, and progress tracking to make the gameplay more enjoyable and motivating.

These Gen Alpha kids value the social interaction and community aspects of gaming. They use games to hang out with friends and actively contribute to discussions in gaming communities. Modern board games are designed to encourage that social interaction and collaboration, with lots of games requiring players to work together towards a common goal. Games like Pandemic and Codenames promote teamwork and communication skills, which fits right in with the Gen Alpha profile.

Generation Alpha are also keen on personalised and customised experiences. They're used to having content tailored to their individual preferences and learning styles. Some modern board games cater for customisation options, such as different difficulty levels or numerous expansion packs, allowing players to personalise their gaming experience to taste. Games like Gloomhaven achieve this by offering modular board designs and customisable character abilities.

Gen Alpha expects games to embrace diversity and promote inclusivity. Modern board games are increasingly featuring diverse characters, settings, and themes, ensuring that players from all backgrounds can see themselves represented.

Yet there's another aspect of Gen Alpha that heavily affects the kind of board games they'd be willing to engage with. Maybe because of their constant exposure to the internet and social networks, they've developed an increasingly short attention span and a real preference for quick, immediate gratification.

This is why game designers have reacted to this mindset by offering games with significantly shorter playtimes - games with faster rounds or modular play options. They're also increasingly integrating digital elements like apps that enhance the gameplay or provide rule explanations. As we touched on earlier, they're including more customisable components and putting more emphasis on social interactions by introducing cooperative mechanisms or encouraging table talk during play.

Linking back to that idea of game customisation, we are already seeing loads of examples of games with increasingly modular board designs that change with each game played. Alternatively, games that come with storylines that adapt, based on player choices, or offer unlockable content to give a sense of progression over several plays. These are all elements of "Legacy" style games where permanent changes to the game itself happen based on player choices and outcomes.

Including these elements in modern board game design isn't just about catering to Gen Alpha's preferences, it is also about evolving the medium to stay relevant in the digital age. Shorter playtimes make games more accessible for busy schedules and help them compete with casual games, apps, and computer games. App integration can simplify complex rule sets, making games more approachable for new players while still offering depth for enthusiasts. Customisable options can increase player investment and replayability, potentially boosting the perceived value of physical games. A social focus on the other hand, can highlight the unique strengths of tabletop gaming as a medium for in-person interaction.

I reckon these design trends are likely influencing game design across all age groups, not just Gen Alpha, as part of the broader cultural shifts we're seeing these days. We're seeing this increased cross-pollination of ideas between digital and analogue gaming. I am referring here to video game adaptations making the transition to board games with varying degrees of success. Just the other day, I read about how a popular rogue-like game called "Slay the Spire" was adapted into a great board game.

Catering to Gen Alpha can be a bit of a complex affair, but it is an effort that comes with its own rewards. The attraction of socialisation and player interplay is one of the key things you want to tap into to attract these players to the gaming table. For instance, placing a stronger emphasis on team play, rather than everyone just looking out for themselves.

There's also the issue of reinventing or rethinking the whole idea of replayability. Traditionally, I used to see replayability as a quality in board games that let you play them over and over, where no two games would ever be the same. Basically, games that offer multiple paths to victory, whether symmetric like chess or asymmetric like Hnefatafl (aka Viking Chess). The relatively high number of permutations in how you execute a turn means that, in theory, the gameplay never gets stale.

However, even in those classic games, you can still get that sense of repetition kicking in after a while, since the specific moves a piece can make do not really change. So, while those games might be fascinating, some Gen Alpha players might still find them a bit too repetitive for their liking.

For these players, replayability now isn't so much about the number of permutations available in a single turn of play, but more about the idea of unlockable options and novelty when it comes to the actual gameplay. This can be a bit tricky when it comes to board games, since the only way to achieve that kind of variability is either for the game designer to come up with regular expansions, or to have sealed options that can only be accessed once a certain target or game objective is reached.

In digital games, that kind of variability is easier to achieve. Any new variations can just be added to the core game by including new lines of code. The coders and app designers must make sure the application is modular and expandable, but once that's sorted, the possibilities are endless. A great example of this kind of digital game is Marvel Snap. I won't get into the nitty-gritty of how it plays, but it's clearly designed from the ground up to leverage variability that can be introduced through a constant stream of new digital cards, shaking up the game's status quo and bringing in fresh strategic challenges.

Another example of this kind of variability in digital games is Slay the Spire (StS). It's a digital card game that uses high variability to keep the gameplay feeling fresh and replayable. In StS, players start with a modest deck of cards that they use to defeat a series of monsters as they "ascend the spire". The deck however is not fixed. With each victory, new cards get added, increasing the deck's attack power and overall effectiveness. These new cards are drafted in line with the player's in-game class and can be upgraded under certain circumstances. Plus, some of the monsters can even add penalty cards to the player's deck, making it harder to draw good cards and achieve the goal.

But it doesn't stop there. On top of all that variability and upgradability, StS also offers unlockable content that can only be accessed once a player has gone through the game's gauntlet several times. There's always this sense that the game will have something more to offer as you progress and improve your decision-making and strategic play.

While retrofitting all that variability and novelty into physical board games can be difficult in most cases, that has not stopped game designers from trying out different solutions. One game I played recently that attempts this idea with mixed results is 3000 Scoundrels. The designers used a combination of sleeves and cards to create all sorts of card/sleeve combos as part of the gameplay. The idea was cool, but I still felt the mechanism wasn't leveraged properly within the game context, which tends to rest heavily on bluffing rather than fully embracing that model.

A more successful implementation of this design concept is the physical board game adaptation of Slay the Spire, which we mentioned earlier. In that case, the designer opted for the same sleeve/card idea to offer an in-game card upgrade option that echoes the digital version.

So, all these tweaks and new ideas are really what's driving this whole movement to get board games in sync with what the younger players are into these days. But what about the old-school games? Are they just going to die out? Will they all be forgotten once us Gen X and Y folks aren't around to play them anymore and Gen Alpha takes over? I'd like to think that when these new kids grow up, they'll look back at those older games and go, "Huh, that's interesting." Maybe they'll see them the same way we look at classics like Monopoly or Talisman now.

Regardless of when you were born, though, board games still have this inexplicable allure for those of us who are drawn to engage with them. These games represent a distilled manifestation of human creativity, as well as our collective yearning to recapture that spirit of play throughout our lives. I'm convinced that play, in all its forms, is a key aspect of our humanity. It has this remarkable ability to unite disparate individuals, potentially allowing them to forget what might otherwise divide them. If we ever stopped engaging in meaningful play, that would be a true sign that our existence as a species had come to an end."

Managing expectations: Redux

Back in March and July 2022, I had sat down to write what became two blogs, each with an emphasis on setting up board game events. In those blogs I had posited matching the right game to the right crowd among other things. In truth though I felt that I had left out some important aspects which I hope to address more thoroughly in what you will be reading next.  In a way this new exposition aims to improve upon the arguments raised back in 2022, to come up with a definitive version of my original thoughts. 

Through the following discussion I would like to focus on the notion of managing expectations when it comes to setting up board gaming events. The reason for this is that, despite all my understanding when it comes to these events, matching the right game for the right audience is still challenging. By sharing my understanding, I hope that I can help you better appreciate the challenges and help you prepare for them adequately.

The need to do so, stems from the fact that there are various dimensions to the term “expectations”. It is never just about the expectations of your guests, nor just about your expectations. What we have here is an interplay of priorities competing for affirmation or expression. When these expectations meet it is often a kind of unwritten social contract between the host and the guests that could either lead to a successful event or one that could well lead to disappointment. 

However, to offer you a clear outline for my exposition going forward, I will first list the factors and then elaborate on them as I go along. These are as follows: -

• What is your gaming group really coming over for, what are their expectations?

• What are your expectations for setting up the event?

• How do you handle food, snacks, and beverages during the event?

• Do you know your players and what makes each of them tick?

• What is your plan for understanding the rules of the chosen game and explaining them to your group?

This list addresses key challenges in setting up a gaming event. Overlooking any of them could hinder your event's success. It's important to note, however, that personal enjoyment as an organiser shouldn't be the sole motivator, as this can lead to disappointment. Further details on setting realistic expectations and alternative success measures will be discussed later.

Now let us begin with what your gaming group is coming over for, as well as their expectations. This is a tricky one, but I think that with a little effort on my part, I can reduce the list to 3 main motivations. There again the order in which these factors feature for a specific group will depend on the character of each person in that group. So here they are: - 

a. They want to play a board game.

b. They are coming over to socialise and meet people.

c. They are accompanying another guest who is the true gamer.

Most guests will switch “b” with “a” if you were to ask them for a ranking, a few will switch “c” with “a”. So, in many instances playing the actual board game will be relegated to the second or third reason for them being there. This puts a heavy damper on what level of complexity you can afford to look at, when proposing a game. That is, how lengthy the ruleset is, whether it offers more than 3 to 5 actions per turn etc.  Players who are in it for the game are a different kettle of fish. These players will not mind medium to heavy-weight games and will be eager to invest time to both play and understand a specific game. From my experience, these folk are a bit rare and unfortunately, I happen to be one of them.

Let us now go into your expectations for setting up the event, or mine for that matter. Well, perhaps to my detriment when I come right down to it, my reason for setting up these events is the game itself. I love board games, always have and always will, so finding a good excuse to crack open a game and play one with friends is my mission in life. Yet given what I said earlier, in relation to guest “priorities”, what I would really like to propose is seldom what I end up opening on the day. This can be very frustrating as I have games which I can never really play on account of the type of audience I normally entertain. As a result of all this, I have adjusted the quality and variety of titles I buy. For instance, there is this game called Arc Nova which I am dying to play and which I will never purchase on account of its ruleset complexity and game duration. 

So yes, I expect to play the game I propose to a group, and I also hope with fingers crossed that they would like my choice and enjoy playing it. 

Next the very tricky business of handling food, snacks, and beverages during the event! If you are having guests over in the evening, in most instances they will expect that proceedings will break up for some form of dinner or snacks. It cannot be avoided. Navigating this situation requires some thought. One approach is to have a meal before the game, which might be appealing if your guests are primarily single, engaged, or married without children. In such cases, they likely fall into the category of individuals accustomed to late evenings out and even later returns home. The previous concern of guest priorities still holds, but you can afford to pop in a late dinner and still be good for a 90-to-120-minute game. 

The dynamics shift significantly when your guests consist of an older cohort, primarily married individuals with children in tow. In this scenario, opting for a meal first followed by gaming can result in incomplete games due to child-related responsibilities or other factors I will delve into shortly. An alternative solution could be to prioritise gaming initially, although this approach also has its limitations, which I will now elaborate upon.

Suppose you opt to start with gaming. In this scenario, you’ll still grapple with shifting priorities regarding attendance, as I mentioned earlier. If your guests are present due to reasons “b” or “c,” coaxing them into game mode can prove challenging. The social butterflies will prioritise lively conversations over everything else, followed by a drink, and perhaps eventually settling down for a board game. If the chosen game is lightweight, you’re in the clear. However, this approach excludes most high-quality Euro-style games, considering their typical duration. Once the game extends beyond 90 minutes, you find yourself in a predicament. You may end up with hungry guests who don’t consider light snacks, nibbles, or dips sufficient and are eyeing a proper dinner. 

In this latter scenario, you encounter one of two situations. You may very well find yourself unable to complete the game due to mounting pressure to abandon it in favour of dinner. Alternatively, a player at the table, a completionist, might vehemently advocate for seeing the game through to the end. This can lead to heightened tension among guests. While I wouldn’t go so far as to say it will ruin the evening, there could be an overall souring of moods.

I will suggest some possible solutions towards the end of this discussion.

Now, what I deem the million-euro question: Do you truly understand your gaming group? What motivates your players? This is another puzzle you will inexorably have to handle over time. People will bring their emotional and intellectual baggage along with them. Hosting a diverse group will also mean hosting a spread of personalities each with their own quirks and proclivities. For example, a staunch socialite will still expect to chat and have a laugh during a game regardless. While in small doses this can be managed, a more boisterous person could end up derailing a game on account of the banter.

At times if you are lucky, you will encounter a special type of player, one I like to refer to as the “Deep Blue” player. For the benefit of those who might not know anything about this reference, “Deep Blue” was a supercomputer developed by IBM in the 1990’s which went on to beat some world-renowned, Grandmaster-level chess players. These individuals approach gameplay with depth, unwavering adherence to rules, and a penchant for strategic analysis. Their contributions are essential for playing games properly and correctly. However, there’s a trade-off: their contemplative playstyle demands additional thinking time. As a result, game durations may extend beyond what’s indicated on the box. To mitigate this, you will need to encourage open communication among players and find a balance that keeps the game engaging. You will also need to factor in additional time and to communicate this need to the whole group. Managing expectations especially in these circumstances becomes very important. 

I think I might have left the meatier topic for the end. Indeed, how do you plan to understand the rules of the chosen game in sufficient detail to explain them to your group? Your method or approach will be closely linked to the game you will be proposing. It all boils down to the nature and complexity of the game being proposed and here is why.

When selecting a game and its rules, it’s essential to align them with player expectations. For instance, if your players primarily engage for the love of the game itself, you can confidently opt for a medium to heavy-weight game, knowing they’ll handle the complexity well. Conversely, if most players are drawn by other factors (such as points “b” or “c”), it’s prudent to switch to light-weight games, as anything more intricate might not align with their motivations.

Obviously, you will need to learn the rules that you are expected to teach, and learning time will depend on the game's complexity. Focus on mastering the basics first: setup, turn order, and winning conditions. This gets you playing faster and lets you learn deeper nuances as you go. Don't worry about edge cases until they come up. Mark key rules in the book for easy reference. To smooth gameplay, create turn-by-turn cheat sheets for new players. By investing time upfront, you save time later and everyone enjoys the game more!

Since you will be planning to teach this game, it’s crucial to factor in the time needed for instruction. The complexity of the game directly affects the teaching process. Light-weight games typically have concise rules, making them straightforward to explain. However, there are instances where this simplicity doesn’t hold true. Therefore, if your guests prioritise other aspects over the game itself (as mentioned earlier), opting for lightweight games is advisable.

It is also crucial to account for the total available time for the event. This consideration depends on whether you plan to include dinner in the overall proceedings. If you’re aiming for a late or latish dinner following a game, it’s advisable to opt for a light-weight game. Similarly, if you plan to have dinner first and then play a game, the same principle applies. Based on my past experiences, the only acceptable scenario for introducing a medium-weight game would be under the following conditions:

1. That at least most players are there to play a board game first and foremost, and more importantly,
2. That ample time has been set aside to consider any discussions, referring to rules as well as to address the learning curves of all those playing.

So, given our discussion to this point, what are the take aways? What can we do to mitigate the less savoury aspects and leverage the better parts if you will? Before starting, figure out what everyone likes and their skill level. Chat naturally, no need to be pushy. For people who mainly want to socialise, pick simpler games. If someone's there with a serious gamer, you can choose something more challenging.

Once you feel that you know your players and their motivations, it's time to consider the game's length. Let's say you've chosen a medium-complexity game with average rules and a 90-minute playtime (like Lords of Waterdeep for 4 players with 8 rounds). To estimate the actual duration, we'll assume one "Deep Blue" player, who usually takes longer turns, and faster turns from others. To save time teaching, you've pre-circulated the rules, expecting everyone to have at least read them once beforehand.

So, with all that in mind, we need to make some informed guesses about the actual playtime. Here are my assumptions, which will help you see how I reach my final estimate.

1. I need to add at least 15 minutes (a revision of sorts) to go over the rules and to make sure everyone is clear about turn structure and victory conditions. Word of advice, start with the win condition then explain how to get there.
2. You need to factor in an extra 5 minutes per round for “Deep Blue”, so in this example you need to add 40 minutes (for 8 rounds total) to the final game duration.
3. Let us say that despite a pre-game reading of the rules the players will still need to refer to them. I would add a further 20 minutes to make good for this.
4. There will also be unplanned interruptions, perhaps restroom breaks or passing out refreshments, so a further 15 minutes should be added to the total time in this instance.

Considering the "Deep Blue" player, pre-read rules, and average turn times, we can estimate a more realistic playtime. Factoring these in, the originally 90-minute game should take close to 180 minutes. In other words, a first-time playthrough with novel games tends to run at two times the estimated time (a 100% increase).

You should advise all players of this possible duration as well as the reasons for it. By managing expectations, it should make matters easier for everyone. 

While the joy of playing a great game can be a powerful motivator, don't underestimate the broader impact your event can have. By organising a board game event, you're not just rolling dice and drawing cards.

First you are creating a space for like-minded individuals to connect, share experiences, and forge lasting friendships. I invite you here to consider that the true reward of organising a board game event extends far beyond the game itself. It's about nurturing human connections, promoting well-being, and hopefully creating a positive impact that goes beyond the game table. Do not be afraid to take the plunge, while watching your game events blossom into something special. You could well become the catalyst for others to grab a new board game at a local store and kickstart a passion that will last a lifetime. 

Levelling Up! How Board Gaming Can Enrich Your Life

I have often explored the field of board games as a cultural and social phenomenon that has gained significant momentum in recent years. The industry has experienced remarkable growth since the late 1990s, although there has been a slight deceleration primarily attributed to increasing logistics costs and global issues such as the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to 2023 and regional conflicts such as the situation in Ukraine.

However, propelled by the resurgence of board gaming, largely driven by the significant rise in euro-style or German-style games, many have rekindled their love for the rich complexity of this traditional form of amusement. Board games are analogue cardboard constructs that rest on human intellect to bring life to their rules. The human mind, capable of extrapolating abstractions from intricate, imaginative, or real-life situations, stands as the essential element breathing life into these creations, completing their fundamental nature.

This blog serves as a personal reflection on the profound impact board games have had on my life, as well as an exploration of the key elements that I believe significantly influence the present and potential future of this engaging pastime.

Board games are not developed in a vacuum. They never materialise outside of a specific context, and I believe that this context can be coalesced in to three distinct areas of investigation. These are as follows: -

1.        - The Mental Benefits

2.       - The Business Aspect, and

3.       - The Social Dimension

These three aspects combined are what create the entirety or the raison d'être of the board gaming industry.

I believe that fundamentally when we consider board games, we encounter what can be described as the innate human inclination towards play. Play is a well-documented behaviour in mammals, serving as a tool for learning in young children, cultivating mental abilities, encouraging cooperation and healthy competition, and facilitating socialisation within groups.

Moreover, structured play offers additional advantages, subtle yet significant, stemming from the engagement of one's cognitive faculties. I venture to suggest that during structured play, the brain becomes more active, thereby enhancing its own health and longevity. Play serves as a mental workout, akin to cardio and weight training for the body, aiding in the maintenance of cognitive functions over an extended period.

Before I proceed any further, I would like to offer a definition for structured play and to point out that within the context of this blog, play and structured play are used interchangeably to mean the same thing. Structured play, also known as goal-oriented play, involves using logic to solve problems and following rules or instructions to reach a particular goal. It is a planned activity that fosters skills like setting and achieving goals, problem-solving, and active listening.

Recently, I came across a compelling study that conducted a longitudinal analysis on various individuals, concluding that engaging in play, specifically board and card games in this instance, can contribute to maintaining mental acuity for a longer duration.

Engaging in regular play through board games can enhance critical thinking skills and improve brain plasticity over time by creating and consolidating neural connections. It also aids in memory retention for equally evident reasons.

However, we may not always delve into how this can impact or influence the social dimension inherent in board gaming. I am referring to the potential of these games to nurture mental well-being. A healthier, more agile mind stands a better chance of ageing more gracefully and potentially leading to a more independent and active later life.

Working on neuroplasticity and the formation of new neural connections can also help delay the onset of certain diseases like Alzheimer's. Maintaining a healthy brain means ensuring that old age does not become a significant social burden in the future. While other factors such as genetic predisposition to specific ailments, obesity, and adverse environmental conditions can undermine these efforts, the adage "healthy mind in a healthy body" should remain our guiding principle in our pursuit of more dynamic and independent golden years.

Let us now shift our focus to another crucial aspect of board gaming: the social dimension. The way societies embrace or reject gaming in adulthood varies from country to country. You will find nations with a history of acceptance when it comes to games like Backgammon. To this day, for instance, Turkey, Greece, and Israel are three territories known to embrace backgammon as part of their cultural heritage. Chess, on the other hand, is particularly popular in Russia, the United States, and China. This does not imply that these games do not enjoy a healthy following in other countries; rather, it suggests that certain nations have populations that are more receptive to these games.

Additionally, there is the matter of what may be perceived as fashionable within a social context. Most popular games go through cycles of popularity during which they are embraced by society and the media in general. While the demographics must be present initially, having a particular game portrayed in popular media tends to increase that game's appeal within society at large.

As an illustration, I would like to highlight the Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying system and board games in a broader sense. Popular television shows like The Big Bang Theory and Stranger Things have reintroduced the concept of playing Dungeons and Dragons. Individuals who grew up in the eighties witnessed a transformation where a once marginalised and stigmatised gaming system regained popularity. Playing Dungeons and Dragons once again became trendy.

This resurgence sparked a significant revival of the gaming system and, consequently, all board games and gaming literature associated with it. Moreover, ardent fans of the genre, who were previously discreet about their passion, now prominent figures in contemporary cinema, openly expressed their long-standing love for and engagement with Dungeons and Dragons since their youth. Such endorsements further fuelled enthusiasm among fans to explore what Gary Gygax had envisioned in the seventies.

Similarly, the sitcom The Big Bang Theory also brought board games back into the mainstream media. Audiences observed the actors playing modern classics like Ticket to Ride and Catan, often with a comedic twist, signalling a widespread acceptance of board games.

On a societal level, board games possess the remarkable ability to bridge generational divides and mitigate age-related biases that are prevalent in other social settings. For these and various other reasons, board games serve as excellent icebreakers, fostering the establishment of new friendships. By breaking down artificial barriers associated with age, they also contribute to promoting active aging in general.

While it is worthy to positively appraise the benefits of board gaming, there is one dimension that, while not strictly about board games, requires our attention and that is the business aspect, the proverbial elephant in the room.

As I stated earlier, board games are not created in a vacuum. They are the deliberate physical manifestation of a business venture focused on producing products that people desire with the goal of generating profits. If a game does not sell, it will not be produced; this is a straightforward concept to grasp. In the current market, where there is an appetite for quality games, businesses have proliferated like weeds in a race for potential buyers' money.

I am convinced that each board gaming company meticulously analyses sales figures, striving to maximise profits while minimising costs when it comes to sourcing raw materials, artwork, and manufacturing the products. In this case, the products are the game boxes themselves.

Admittedly, this philosophy does not always result in high-quality products. A board game company may choose to embrace sustainability and eco-friendliness in their design and manufacturing process, but they cannot do so at the expense of quality. With the vast array of new board game titles hitting the shelves each year, companies cannot afford to make mistakes.

While games like Wingspan can make a significant impact on the board gaming community, there are numerous unsuccessful attempts that never gain traction. A brilliant concept on paper may not always translate into a successful product in the global markets. Therefore, when a company achieves success, their primary goal is to ensure the enduring popularity of their products. Essentially, they must come up with ways to prevent the game from fading into obscurity, overshadowed by the pursuit of the next trend or fashionable game.

Unfortunately, definitive answers to this challenge are not readily available; otherwise, we would be inundated with exceptional new games throughout the year. Nevertheless, it is evident that designers have tried everything to garner the attention of gamers, from compact titles with streamlined components to expansive multi-box creations that require a cart for transportation. While innovation is abundant, there are instances where designers prioritise glamour and extravagance over quality and the long-term viability of their products.

The truth is that if you do not prioritise longevity for your latest game creation, you will not bother with those details. However, from a personal perspective, it is difficult to imagine dedicating enough playtime to justify spending €200 upfront on a massive game with multiple expansions. The alternative, a more contained price tag on a core game with subsequent “expansions” hitting the market later (spread out over time) could be considered more acceptable to the consumer. It could also work miracles in ensuring the longevity of a gaming product.

As businesses strive to produce high-quality titles, they must consider other aspects when embarking on their next project. They need to understand that players interested in their games are seeking something novel, the excitement of discovering an exceptional new game. This means that businesses must invest in design, creativity, and, most importantly, innovation.

Simultaneously, these board gaming companies must ensure that their costs are contained, that the coordination required to deliver the end product to customers is reasonably priced, and that none of these factors will compromise the longevity of their product. They must accomplish all this while adopting a sustainable business mindset when sourcing raw materials, managing social stigmas that may exist in target markets, and addressing what could be considered acceptable.

This is the reality we face in 2024. We are witnessing diverse competing factors shaping the way we perceive and consume board games, while simultaneously being aware that these same games could prove beneficial on a societal level by nurturing mental health. As we promote these board games for all the potential benefits they offer, we necessarily require access to businesses that understand the market and the globalised world in which we live.

This industry attracts a diverse array of individuals, from business professionals and art designers to professors with a talent for converting numbers into games. This hobby transforms some into collectors, others into gamers, or both. Yet everyone involved in this industry is drawn to it by a common denominator: an appetite for play and the desire to tackle the next challenge.

In conclusion, as a hobbyist who is both a gamer and a collector of board games, I feel that the evolving landscape of board gaming offers valuable insights and experiences that have enriched my personal journey as I proceed through life.

From the mental benefits perspective, engaging in board games not only provides me with entertainment but also nurtures critical thinking skills, enhances my brain plasticity, and will hopefully aid in my memory retention. I look at these games as a platform for continuous learning, problem-solving, and cognitive stimulation, contributing to my mental well-being and cognitive longevity.

I have also grown to appreciate that from a social perspective, board gaming serves as a powerful tool for bridging generational gaps, fostering friendships, and combating ageism. Through board games, I feel that I constantly learn valuable life lessons in collaboration, communication, sportsmanship, and adaptability. The socialisation component of board gaming encourages teamwork, empathy, and social interaction, enriching my social experiences as I walk through life.

In essence, the amalgamation of mental benefits, the social dimension, as well as the business aspect offer insights into this holistic journey that not only entertains but also educates, and challenges, while allowing me to connect with others. I think that embracing these facets of board gaming can offer you a well-rounded perspective on life, teaching you resilience, creativity, and the importance of human connection in your personal growth and interactions with the world around you.

Embracing and sharing these values is what has kept me captivated by board games for so long. These games are not merely about play; if you delve deeper, you will arrive at the realisation that they are fundamentally about two things, communication and understanding. When we share common goals, follow similar rules, and engage meaningfully with others, we might discover that what divides us is not so much our differences, but rather a lack of empathy and a willingness to communicate unhindered by biases or misconceptions. Learning to overcome human limitations through communication can never be a detrimental pursuit, and I believe that if everyone followed the underlying philosophies that epitomise board gaming, the world would be a much better place.

 

 

 

 

 

A Renaissance on the Tabletop: The Evolution of Modern Board Games (1990-Present)

The landscape of board games has undergone significant transformation since the 1990s. Gone are the days of simple roll-and-move mechanics (think Monopoly or Ludo) and passive player experiences. Today, modern board games offer rich strategic depth, elaborate themes, and a focus on player interaction, fuelling a global resurgence in the hobby. This blog aims to explore the key innovations in game mechanisms and player preferences that have driven this evolution, analysing their influence on published games and the European market's unique contribution to the phenomenon. Additionally, a glimpse into the resurgent popularity of Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) will provide a broader perspective on the current state of the tabletop gaming sector.

The Rise of the Eurogame and Strategic Depth

The 1990s witnessed the rise of the "Eurogame”, a term initially used to distinguish European-designed games from their American counterparts. Eurogames typically emphasise strategic decision-making, resource management, and indirect player interaction through shared goals or economic competition. Pioneering titles like "The Settlers of Catan" (1995) introduced innovative mechanics like dice-rolling for resource acquisition and trading with neighbouring players. This sparked a wave of innovative games like "Carcassonne" (2000), introducing tile-laying mechanics, and "Puerto Rico" (2002), which introduced role-selection mechanisms that offered players unique abilities each round. These games offered a refreshing alternative to traditional luck-based games, attracting a new generation of players seeking intellectual challenges and strategic depth. 

 

Player Interaction: From Competition to Collaboration

While the introduction of strategic depth in board games was a major innovation, player interaction also evolved significantly. Early games often focused on direct competition, with players vying for resources or victory points. However, modern board games explore a wider range of interaction models. Cooperative games, where players

work together against a common enemy or objective, rose in popularity. Titles like "Pandemic" (2008) require players to collaborate to manage disease outbreaks, while "Hanabi" (2010) presents a unique cooperative experience where players cannot see their own cards, relying instead on communication and deduction to win. Additionally, social deduction games like "The Resistance" (2008) introduced hidden roles and bluffing mechanics, creating an interesting experience which combines social manipulation with hidden agendas. These diverse forms of interaction cater to a wider range of player preferences, fostering a stronger sense of a shared experience and greater engagement with the game being played.

 

Thematic Immersion and Storytelling

Modern board games go beyond mechanics, offering rich thematic experiences. Most of the more popular modern titles are meticulously crafted around specific themes, from historical periods ("Twilight Struggle," 2005) to fantastical worlds ("Gloomhaven," 2017). Excellent artwork, well-thought-out components, and captivating narratives contribute to the overall experience, drawing players into the game's world. This focus on theme goes beyond mere looks; it can enhance gameplay by providing a logical framework for mechanics and player actions. Essentially, the theme justifies the actions taken within the context of the game itself. For instance, the worker placement mechanic in "Agricola" (2007) thematically represents managing a farm, while the card drafting mechanic in "7 Wonders Duel" (2015) simulates drafting historical advancements for your civilisation through a logical sequential path, starting from the most primitive human discoveries to the more complex cultural and societal achievements. This thematic integration creates a more engaging and memorable experience for players.

 

The Powerhouses of Publishing: Ravensburger, Fantasy Flight Games, and Asmodee

The "German Model" of board game design, characterised by high-quality components, innovative mechanics, and a focus on strategy, has significantly shaped the modern board game landscape. Linked to this increase in popularity of the German model, several companies came to the fore addressing the lacuna in distribution and availability of specific board game titles beyond their country of origin. By making it easier to translate published games and catering for a wider, more globalised market, these companies have extended the reach of this model to a new and growing audience of hobbyists the world over.

Founded in 1883, Ravensburger is a German giant with a long history of producing high-quality family games. While not solely focused on complex strategy games, Ravensburger titles often introduce innovative mechanics and beautiful artwork, making them accessible gateways into the world of modern board games. Puerto Rico (2002) is one such title. This classic tile-laying and resource management game puts players in the shoes of colonial governors vying for dominance on the island of Puerto Rico. Players collect resources, build structures, and ship goods back to Europe for points. The Castles of Burgundy (2011) is a strategic dice-placement game where players vying for control of various regions in Burgundy. Players collect resources, construct buildings, and develop their holdings to score the most points. Core elements introduced in both these games can be found in many modern Eurogames.

Established in 1995 in Minnesota, USA, Fantasy Flight Games (FFG) initially focused on translating and publishing European games for the North American market. They quickly rose to prominence, acquiring licenses for popular Eurogames like "Ticket to Ride" (2004) and "Power Grid" (2004), introducing them to a wider audience. FFG also ventured into their own game design, creating thematic and strategically rich titles like "Twilight Struggle" (2005) and the epic campaign game "Descent: Journeys in the Dark" (2012), further solidifying their reputation for high production value and strategic depth.

Asmodee is a French publisher of board games, card games and role-playing games (RPGs). Founded in 1995 to develop their own games and to publish and distribute for other smaller game developers, they have since acquired numerous other board game publishers. They acquired major European publishers like Days of Wonder ("Ticket to Ride") and Fantasy Flight Games, creating a vast portfolio of Eurogames, thematic strategy titles, and licensed properties like "Star Wars" and "Arkham Horror." Asmodee's influence extends beyond publishing, with their distribution network ensuring wider availability of games across the globe.

 

Essen Spiel: A Mecca for Gamers and Industry Powerhouse

International game fairs play a crucial role in promoting the "German Model" and the broader board game industry. Essen Spiel, held annually in Essen, Germany, is the largest and most influential fair in the world. Thousands of publishers, designers, and gamers gather to showcase new releases, network, and participate in tournaments. This event serves as a crucial launchpad for new games, generating global attention and driving sales. Additionally, Essen Spiel provides a platform for smaller European publishers to reach a wider audience, fostering diversity within the industry.

 

The Impact on the Market

The influence of the "German Model" and Essen Spiel extends beyond Europe. The success of Eurogames and

the efficient distribution networks of major publishers have led to a wider availability of board games worldwide. Titles originally published in Germany are now readily available in countries across Asia, North America, and South America.

The popularity of Eurogames has fuelled the growth of board game cafes, offering a welcoming space for players to explore new titles and enjoy the social aspects of the hobby. This trend further exposes players to the "German Model" and other modern game design philosophies.

Platforms like Board Game Geek (BGG) provide a forum for players to discuss games, share reviews, and connect with others who share their passion. This online community promotes awareness of Eurogames and other modern titles, creating a global network of enthusiastic players.

 

Beyond Essen Spiel: The Rise of Regional Powerhouses 

Europe boasts several prominent conventions beyond Essen Spiel, each catering to specific tastes and interests. The UK Games Expo (UKGE), held annually in Birmingham, England, has grown significantly in recent years. Attendance figures jumped from 5,805 in 2013 to over 52,000 in 2023, solidifying its position as the largest dedicated board game convention in the UK. UKGE offers a comprehensive experience, showcasing new releases, hosting tournaments for popular games, and providing a platform for smaller publishers and designers.

 

Similarly, Airecon, held in Harrogate, England, has emerged as a popular convention focused on strategy board games. With an emphasis on Eurogames and a strong focus on competitive play, Airecon attracts a dedicated crowd of passionate gamers. While significantly smaller in scale than UKGE, Airecon fosters a tight-knit community atmosphere and provides a space for players to delve into the complexities of strategic board games.

 

North America is home to a vibrant network of conventions catering to a diverse range of board game enthusiasts. Gen Con, held annually in Indianapolis, Indiana, is a titan of the industry. While encompassing a broader gaming spectrum including video games and tabletop RPGs, Gen Con boasts a sizable board game presence. Attendance figures regularly exceed 60,000, making it one of the largest gatherings of board game players in the world. Gen Con features a massive expo hall with publisher booths, demo areas, and opportunities to meet designers and playtest unreleased titles. Additionally, it hosts tournaments for various games, attracting competitive players from across the globe.

 

The United States also boasts regional conventions like PAX Unplugged, held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PAX Unplugged focuses primarily on tabletop gaming, offering a curated selection of board games, role-playing games, and card games. With a strong emphasis on indie publishers and innovative game design, PAX Unplugged caters to a specific audience seeking unique experiences. Additionally, events like Dice Tower Con in Orlando, Florida, and BGG.CON in Dallas, Texas, cater to specific gaming preferences and local communities, contributing to the overall health and diversity of the convention scene.

 

 

The Impact on the Gaming Market

 

These regional conventions play a crucial role in supporting and promoting the board game industry. Conventions provide a critical platform for publishers, both established and fledgling, to showcase their games to a large and enthusiastic audience. This exposure can lead to increased sales, distribution deals, and brand recognition. Additionally, conventions offer a valuable opportunity for publishers to gather direct feedback from players, informing future game design and development.

 

Conventions engender a sense of community as well as a shared passion for board games. Players can connect with others who share their interests, participate in tournaments, and learn about new games. This sense of community encourages continued engagement with the hobby and drives sales within the local market.

 

Conventions create a buzz surrounding upcoming releases. Players get a chance to playtest unreleased games, generate word-of-mouth excitement, and pre-order upcoming titles. This hype generation can translate into strong initial sales figures for publishers and generate excitement within the broader gaming community.

 

 

Growth Drivers and Future Trends

 

The continued growth of regional conventions hinges on several factors. They provide a more accessible option for players who may not have the resources to travel to large international events like Essen Spiel. This allows for a wider range of players to participate and engage with the broader gaming community.

 

Some conventions focus on specific genres or player preferences, catering to a dedicated audience. This caters to the diverse tastes of modern board game enthusiasts and attracts players seeking a tailored experience. Furthermore, they are increasingly leveraging online platforms to enhance the experience. Features like pre-registration, virtual demos, and live streaming events can further expand reach and connect with players who cannot attend physically.

 

Catering to a Diverse Audience: A Boon for Choice

The rise of niche markets and diverse player preferences has undoubtedly expanded the selection of available games. Platforms like Kickstarter allow designers to directly gauge interest in specific mechanics or themes, leading to a wider variety of games catering to specific player desires. This empowers players with greater choice and allows designers to explore unique concepts that might not have found a publisher traditionally. For instance, the popularity of solo-play games has seen a surge in titles designed specifically for one player, offering a fulfilling experience without requiring a group.

 

The Pressure of Production Value: A Rising Cost

However, the demand for high-quality components and thematic immersion can inflate production costs. Players today expect visually appealing artwork, premium game pieces, and durable components, all contributing to the overall experience. While Kickstarter funding can help mitigate these costs, it also creates a pressure for publishers to deliver on increasingly lavish production values to stand out from a crowded market. This can lead to higher retail prices for consumers, potentially creating a barrier to entry for new players or those on a budget.

 

 

Complexity Creep: Balancing Depth with Accessibility

The focus on strategic depth can sometimes lead to "complexity creep," where games become increasingly intricate and difficult to learn. While some players relish the challenge, complex rulebooks and lengthy playtime can alienate casual players. Striking a balance between strategic depth and accessibility is crucial. This might involve streamlined rules, modular components that allow for variable difficulty levels, or well-designed tutorials to ease players into the gameplay.

 

The Future: Finding the Sweet Spot

Navigating the influence of player preferences requires a delicate touch from publishers and designers. Understanding your target audience is essential. Kickstarter data, online forums, and playtesting sessions can provide valuable insights into player desires. Additionally, publishers can explore ways to offer a range of titles that cater to different levels of complexity and budgets.

One approach is the "core game" model, where a base game offers a streamlined experience with the potential for expansion modules that add complexity and depth for experienced players.  This allows for a broader appeal, attracting new players with the base game while offering additional content for those seeking a more challenging experience.

 

Dungeons & Dragons: A Gateway to Tabletop Adventures

Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) has seen a surge in popularity in recent years, but its roots go deep. Created in the mid-1970s, D&D took inspiration from wargames and fantasy literature to establish a new genre: the tabletop role-playing game (RPG). Players create characters and embark on adventures within a world crafted by a Dungeon Master (DM). The core mechanic relies on rolling polyhedral dice (like the 20-sided die) to determine success or failure, adding an exciting layer of chance to the storytelling.

Several factors have fueled D&D's recent resurgence. The release of the streamlined 5th edition in 2014 made the game more accessible to new players. Pop culture references, like the portrayal of a D&D club in the Netflix series "Stranger Things," brought the game to a wider audience. The rise of online platforms like Roll20 further expanded D&D's reach, allowing geographically distant friends to connect for virtual sessions.

D&D's longevity can be attributed to its inherent flexibility. The core rules provide a framework, but DMs can create custom campaigns tailored to their players' interests. This fosters a sense of community and shared storytelling that transcends the game itself.

The impact of D&D's resurgence extends beyond the game itself. The influx of new players has fueled interest in the broader tabletop RPG market. Publishers are releasing new and innovative games, catering to diverse tastes and interests. Local game stores are seeing a rise in tabletop RPG nights, creating vibrant social spaces for hobbyists.

D&D's resurgence highlights the enduring appeal of tabletop gaming. In an increasingly digital world, these games offer a unique opportunity for face-to-face interaction, collaborative storytelling, and creative expression. While D&D may be the current star, its success paves the way for a brighter future for tabletop gaming as a whole.

  

The Future of Modern Board Games: A Look Ahead 

The future of modern board games appears bright. Technological advancements are creating new possibilities for integrating digital elements into the tabletop experience. Apps can streamline gameplay setup, track resources,

and even introduce AI-controlled opponents, expanding the accessibility and potential complexity of games. Additionally, the global market for board games continues to grow, with emerging markets in Asia offering exciting opportunities for publishers and designers.

However, some challenges remain. The sheer volume of new releases can be overwhelming for players, and ensuring high-quality components can be a balancing act for publishers. Additionally, the rise of digital alternatives like video games presents competition for players' time and attention.

Despite the challenges, the modern board game industry is thriving. A passionate community of players and designers continues to push boundaries, experiment with new mechanics, and explore diverse themes. The focus on strategic depth, thematic immersion, and a variety of player interactions has created a vibrant and engaging hobby that caters to a wide range of interests. Whether it's the strategic battles of a Eurogame, the collaborative challenges of a cooperative title, or the narrative adventures of D&D, the modern tabletop gaming scene offers a rich and rewarding experience for players of all ages and backgrounds.